LOGICAL VALIDITY AND ABDUCTIVE REASONING IN THE AGE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A PHILOSOPHICAL-LOGICAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

The article analyses logical validity, abductive reasoning and epistemic responsibility in the contemporary digital environment. It reconstructs the relationship between classical formal logic, theories of scientific explanation and decision-making practices in artificial intelligence systems. The study argues that logic should not be reduced to a technique of formally correct inference; it must also be understood as an intellectual infrastructure that secures trust, explainability and responsibility in digital society. The proposed philosophical-logical model clarifies the limits of algorithmic inference and defines the normative role of human judgement.